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Reclassification of Geobacillus pallidus (Scholz et al. 1988) Banat et al. 2004 as Aeribacillus pallidus gen nov., comb. nov.

¹ Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona;
² Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz

³ E-mail: davidminyana{at}ub.edu

Although Anoxybacillus and Geobacillus, two thermophilic bacterial genera close to the genus Bacillus, have only been described recently, the number of species of which these genera are comprised has rapidly increased. Four thermophilic lipolytic strains (DR01, DR02, DR03 and DR04) isolated from a hot spring in Veracruz (Mexico), but which could not be phenotypically identified, were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Three strains were identified as belonging to the genus Anoxybacillus, but strain DR03 was identified as Geobacillus pallidus. This result led us to perform a phylogenetic analysis of the genera Anoxybacillus and Geobacillus based on 16S rRNA gene sequences from all the type strains of these genera. Phylogenetic trees showed three major clusters, Anoxybacillus-Geobacillus tepidamans, Geobacillus and Geobacillus pallidus, while 16S rRNA gene sequences of G. pallidus (DR03 and type strain) showed low sequence similarities with respect to Anoxybacillus (92.5-95.1%) and Geobacillus (92.8-94.5%) species, as well as to Bacillus subtilis (92.2-92.4%). In addition, G. pallidus could be differentiated from Anoxybacillus and Geobacillus on the basis of DNA G+C content and fatty acid and polar lipid profiles. From these results, it is proposed that G. pallidus should be reclassified in a novel genus for which we propose the name Aeribacillus as Aeribacillus pallidus gen nov., comb. nov. the type species of the genus. The type strain is ATCC 51176^T = DSM 3670^T = LMG 19006^T.