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Curtobacterium ammoniigenes sp. nov., an ammonia-producing bacterium isolated from plants inhabiting acidic swamps in actual acid sulfate soil areas of Vietnam

¹ Department of Applied Biological Sciences, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan
² Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Can Tho, Vietnam
³ Department of Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan
⁴ Environmental Program, Nihon University Advanced Research Institute for the Sciences and Humanities, 12-5 Goban-cho Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8251, Japan
⁵ Biological Resource Center (NBRC), Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, 2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0812, Japan
⁶ Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan

Correspondence
Michio Sunairi
sunairi{at}brs.nihon-u.ac.jp

The ammonia-producing bacteria B55^T, CA73, SA69 and SA72 were isolated from the waterweeds Ludwigia adscendens (B55^T) and Eleocharis dulcis (CA73, SA69 and SA72) grown in highly acidic swamps (pH 2–4) in actual acid sulfate soil areas of Vietnam. The isolates were Gram-positive, irregular rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain B55^T was shown to belong to the genus Curtobacterium of the class Actinobacteria. Chemotaxonomic data (MK-9 as major isoprenoid quinone, D-ornithine as cell-wall diamino acid, acetyl as the acyl type of peptidoglycan) supported the affiliation of all four strains to this genus. Although their 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity was 99 % to species with validly published names within the genus, they formed a group that was distinct in the phylogenetic tree, and DNA–DNA relatedness values to these established species were less than 10 %. The results of physiological and biochemical tests and major fatty acids (cyclohexyl-C_{17 : 0}, anteiso-C_{17 : 0} and cyclohexyl-C_{19 : 0}) allowed phenotypic differentiation of these strains from the species of Curtobacterium with validly published names. Therefore, strains B55^T, CA73, SA69 and SA72 represent a novel species, for which the name Curtobacterium ammoniigenes sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B55^T (=NBRC 101786^T=VTCC D6-11^T=JCM 14609^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains B55^T, CA73, SA69 and SA72 are AB266597–AB266600, respectively.

A scanning electron micrograph of cells of strain B55^T and details of the fatty acid compositions of the novel strains and related type strains are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.

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