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Halopiger xanaduensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from saline Lake Shangmatala in Inner Mongolia, China

¹ Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
² Noda Institute for Scientific Research, 399 Noda, Noda-shi, Chiba-ken 278-0037, Japan
³ State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100080 Beijing, China
⁴ Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa
⁵ Genencor International BV, Archimedesweg 30, 2333 CN Leiden, The Netherlands
⁶ Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK

Correspondence
A. Ventosa
ventosa{at}us.es

Strain SH-6^T was isolated from the sediment of Lake Shangmatala, a saline lake in Inner Mongolia (China). Cells were pleomorphic. The organism was neutrophilic and required at least 2.5 M (15 %) NaCl, but not MgCl₂, for growth; optimal growth occurred at 4.3 M (25 %) NaCl. The G+C content of its DNA was 63.1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain SH-6^T is a member of the family Halobacteriaceae, but there was a low level of similarity with other members of this family. Highest sequence similarity (94.6 %) was obtained with the 16S rRNA genes of the type strains of Natronolimnobius innermongolicus and Natronolimnobius baerhuensis. Polar lipid analyses revealed that strain SH-6^T contains phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglyceromethylphosphate, derived from both C₂₀C₂₀ and C₂₀C₂₅ glycerol diethers together with the glycolipid S₂-DGD-1. On the basis of the data obtained, the new isolate could not be classified in any recognized genus. Strain SH-6^T is thus considered to represent a novel species in a new genus within the family Halobacteriaceae, order Halobacteriales, for which the name Halopiger xanaduensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Halopiger xanaduensis is SH-6^T (=CECT 7173^T=CGMCC 1.6379^T=JCM 14033^T).

A thin-layer chromatograph of the polar lipids of strain SH-6^T and related haloarchaea is available as a supplementary figure with the online version of this paper.

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