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Spiroplasma syrphidicola sp. nov., from a Syrphid Fly (Diptera: Syrphidae)

R. F. WHITCOMB^1,*, G. E. GASPARICH¹, F. E. FRENCH², J. G. TULLY³, D. L. ROSE³, P. CARLE⁴, J. M. BOVE⁴, R. B. HENEGAR¹, M. KONAI¹, K. J. HACKETT¹, J. R. ADAMS¹, TRUMAN B. CLARK and D. L. WILLIAMSON⁵

¹Insect Biocontrol Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705
²Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia 30460
³Mycoplasma Section, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21702
⁴Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Institut Nationale de Recherche Agronomique, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
⁵Department of Anatomical Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Building 465, BARCE, Beltsville, MD 20705. Phone: (301) 504-8339. Fax: (301) 504-6017.

ABSTRACT

Spiroplasma sp. strain EA-1^T (T = type strain) (subgroup VIII-1), which was isolated from the syrphid fly Eristalis arbustorum, was serologically distinct from other spiroplasma species, groups, and subgroups. The cells of this strain, as revealed by dark-field light microscopy, were short, helical, and motile. An electron microscopic examination revealed wall-less cells delimited by a single membrane. The unusually short cells passed through 220-nm filter pores with no reduction in titer. The organisms grew well in SM-1, MID, and SP-4 liquid media. Growth also occurred in conventional horse serum medium and 1% serum fraction medium. Strain EA-1^T grew at temperatures between 10 and 41°C, and optimuum growth occurred at 32°C. The doubling time at the optimal temperature was 1.0 h. The strain catabolized glucose and hydrolyzed arginine but did not hydrolyze urea. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the DNA was 30 ± 1 mol%. The genome size was about 1,230 kbp. Strain EA-1 (= ATCC 33826), which represents subgroup VIII-1, is designated the type strain of a new species, Spiroplasma syrphidicola.

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