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Polyphasic Approach to the Classification and Identification of Gardnerella vaginalis and Unidentified Gardnerella vaginalis-Like Coryneforms Present in Bacterial Vaginosis

¹Department of Microbiology, University Hospital UIA, Antwerp, Ghent, Belgium
²University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
³Culture Collection, Department of Clinical Bacteriology, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden
⁴Department of Microbiology, National Research Center for Biotechnology, Braunschweig, Germany
⁵Culture Collection of the Laboratorium voor Microbiologic Gent, Ghent, Belgium
⁶Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire d'Ecologie et de Physiologie du Système Digestif, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital UIA, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium. Phone and Fax: 32.3.820.26.63.

ABSTRACT

A taxonomic study of Gardnerella vaginalis and G. vaginalis-like coryneforms was performed in order to clarify the phylogenetic affiliation of these organisms and to improve future identification. We examined 50 strains by performing whole-cell protein and fatty acid analyses, a 16S rRNA sequence analysis, and an extensive phenotypic characterization analysis. The results of both chemotaxonomic techniques which we used divided the organisms into two main clusters, and the 16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed that the clusters represent different genera, which were easily distinguished by the results of classical phenotypic tests. The cluster I strains were identified as G. vaginalis, which was shown to be a close relative of the genus Bifidobacterium. An improved description of G. vaginalis is presented. The cluster II strains belong to or are closely related to Actinomyces turicensis.

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